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Notes on Formatting


Social and Cultural Studies
uses the APA author-date referencing system, following the fifth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. Submitted texts should be double-spaced in Times New Roman, with margins of at least 2.5 cm all round. For peer review purposes, the author’s name or institutional affiliation should appear only on the cover-page, not in the rest of the manuscript. We accept pieces of varying length, from articles (30-40 pages) to monographs (50-80 pages).

  • Abstract: An offset abstract of not more than 100 words should be placed immediately after the title of your article. Include a list of keywords after the abstract.

  • Typography: Indent paragraphs 0.5 cm (do not use a line space to indicate paragraphs). Use footnotes for supplementary notes.

  • Quotations: Use double, “smart” quotation marks. Place full stops and commas within closing quotation marks. Use single quotation marks for quotations within a quotation. Three spaced ellipsis points (four after a full stop) indicate material omitted. Ellipsis points should not be used at the beginning of a quotation except where necessary to prevent misinterpretation. Square brackets indicate insertions.

    Use in-text parenthetical citation (i.e. do not use footnotes for references). Give author, date, and, wherever possible, page number, as in the following examples:

    • See Bekerian (1993) for further information.

    • “The goal of freewriting is not absolutely limpid fluency” (Elbow, 1998, p. 24).

    • Janet Frame describes the process of writing her autobiography as an exercise in self-legitimacy, of “making [herself] a first person” (as cited in Hawes, 1995).


  • References: Use a References list for sources cited in the article. Include a separate Bibliography for sources which were significant to the research but not cited.

    Sample references list:


    Bekerian, D. A. (1993). In search of the typical eyewitness. American Psychologist, 48, 574-576.

    Birks, R., Eng, T., & Walchli, J. (Eds.). (1998). Landmarks: A process reader. Scarborough, Ont.: Prentice Hall.

    Elbow, P. (1998). Freewriting. In R. Birks, T. Eng, & J. Walchli (Eds.), Landmarks: A process reader (pp. 20-25). Scarborough, Ont.: Prentice-Hall.

    Hawes, T. (1995, February). The self as other/othering the self. Deep South 1.1. Retrieved October 26, 2001, from http://www.otago.ac.nz/~dsouth/hawes.htm

    Hunter, D., Bailey, A., & Taylor, B. (1992). The Zen of groups: A handbook for people meeting with a purpose. Auckland: Tandem.

    True-blue union given the boot. (1999, January 9-10). The New Zealand Herald, p. A3.





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